Explicación de la fabricación de chapa metálica

What is Sheet Metal Fabrication

Sheet metal fabrication stands as a crucial pillar across numerous industries, spanning from construction and aerospace to automotive and beyond. This refined manufacturing process plays an integral role in crafting a myriad of everyday products.

While metal fabrication boasts a centuries-old history, it remains in a perpetual state of evolution, continually propelled forward by technological advancements. Its applications range from producing precision parts for machinery to erecting metal structures for buildings and bridges, underscoring its versatility and indispensability.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into the following aspects:

Understanding Sheet Metal Fabrication: Delve into the essence of sheet metal fabrication, unraveling its significance and relevance across various industries.

Process Insights: Gain insight into the intricacies of the fabrication process, exploring the methodologies and techniques employed to shape raw materials into functional components.

Types of Sheet Metal & Their Applications: Navigate through the diverse landscape of sheet metal varieties and their respective applications across different industries, from lightweight aluminum panels in aerospace to durable steel components in automotive manufacturing.

Advantages of Sheet Metal Fabrication: Explore the myriad benefits offered by sheet metal fabrication, ranging from cost-effectiveness and material efficiency to superior strength-to-weight ratios and design flexibility.

By immersing ourselves in these key areas, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of sheet metal fabrication, empowering readers to appreciate its significance and harness its potential across various industrial domains.

How the Sheet Metal Fabrication Process Works

Metal fabrication tends to start from processing raw materials, which are often large and thick – for example, steel, aluminium and copper. Sheet metal can be cut, bent or stretched into most desired shapes.

Here are the typical steps for how it works:

Design

The design stage is where the groundwork for the project is laid out. Designers will usually create initial sketches or 2D/3D models of the product, which may be done using computer-aided design (CAD) software or by hand.

Important factors such as the intended use of the product, the required dimensions and tolerances, and any specific materials or finishes that will be needed are mapped out before the manufacturing begins.

Cutting

Laser cutting is typically the first step in the manufacturing process. Laser cutting is one of the most precise ways of cutting sheet metal as the lasers are able to follow the programmed design and cut through the material accurately.

Doblado

The bending process is known as CNC folding and is a practice that can be completed using a variety of machines. For example, a manual press brake or automated panel bending machine.

The machine forms the metal part by clamping the sheet metal and applying pressure to maintain the desired curvature.

Formando

The forming process bends or deforms the material into the required shape. Different from cutting, which subtracts the material, forming actually reshapes the material without decreasing any of its mass.

Welding

There are a variety of welding techniques that can be used when working with sheet metal, including MIG welding, TIG welding, robotic MIG welding and spot welding.

• Metal inert gas (MIG) welding: A typically fast welding option that is better for thicker materials.
• Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding: Offers greater control and precision than MIG. Best for thinner materials. You may also see it referred to as gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
• Robotic MIG welding: This is an automated version of more traditional MIG welding.
• Spot welding: This follows an electrical resistance welding process.

Finishing

Finishing is the last step when preparing metal products for use and makes products more resistant to corrosion, adding another layer of durability. It also helps make the surfaces look appealing.

Common finishing touches could include surface preparation, polishing and powder coating in a choice of colours, anodising, passivation, and laser marking (such as logos or etching some text).

Assembly

In a sheet metal fabrication project, assembly refers to the assembling of the required products before they are packaged and delivered to where they need to be.

Principales tipos de chapa metálica

Aluminio:

Se utiliza para piezas de automóviles, dispositivos eléctricos y utensilios de cocina. Ofrece numerosos beneficios, entre ellos, una buena relación resistencia-peso y una alta conductividad.

Acero aluminizado:

Este metal combina la alta resistencia del acero al carbono con la resistencia superior a la corrosión del aluminio. Las láminas de acero aluminizado se utilizan para productos destinados a entornos de alta temperatura, como los electrodomésticos de cocina.

Acero carbono:

El acero al carbono se utiliza en los mercados industriales y de consumo para una amplia gama de productos. Es una aleación de acero que contiene carbono, lo que hace que el material aumente su dureza y resistencia cuando se somete a un tratamiento térmico.

Cobre:

Algunos ejemplos de productos fabricados con cobre son los lavabos, los techos, las canaletas pluviales y las puertas. El cobre tiene una conductividad eléctrica y térmica mayor que el aluminio, pero puede ser más caro.

Acero galvanizado:

Las láminas de acero galvanizado suelen emplearse para fabricar carrocerías de automóviles, tuberías de agua, vallas, techos y escaleras. Se fabrica recubriendo el acero con zinc mediante un proceso de inmersión en caliente, lo que ayuda a hacerlo más resistente a la corrosión.

Acero de alta resistencia:

Las placas de blindaje militar suelen estar hechas de láminas de acero de alta resistencia. El material se produce mediante la aleación del acero con una variedad de elementos como el carbono, el manganeso y el cobre. Esto ayuda a mejorar su dureza.

Acero inoxidable:

Se utiliza para recipientes de cocina, tanques de almacenamiento de productos químicos y maquinaria de procesamiento de alimentos. El acero inoxidable ofrece una resistencia superior a la corrosión, al fuego y al calor, una relación resistencia-peso y facilidad de fabricación.

Titanio:

Entre los productos típicos fabricados con titanio se encuentran piezas de aviación, equipos médicos y elementos de construcción. Se utiliza principalmente por su alta relación resistencia-peso y su resistencia a la corrosión. Además, es reciclable.

Aplicaciones de la fabricación de chapa metálica

Kiosks, Vending Machines & Enclosures: Sheet metal fabrication plays a vital role in constructing kiosks, vending machines, and enclosures, ensuring durability and security for these customer-facing installations. These machines require numerous precision-crafted components, making sheet metal fabrication indispensable in their manufacturing process.

Construction & Security: In the construction and security sectors, sheet metal fabrication is instrumental in producing a wide range of products such as security doors, guardrails, security grills, and custom enclosures. These fabricated metal components provide structural integrity and enhance safety in various settings.

Retail Displays: Retail environments rely on visually appealing displays to attract customers and showcase products effectively. Sheet metal fabrication is used to create a variety of retail display units, including bar displays, retail display cubes, portable displays, and point-of-sale stands, combining aesthetics with functionality.

Science, Medical & Food Industries: Industries such as science, medical, and food production utilize sheet metal fabrication to manufacture essential equipment and infrastructure. In commercial and industrial kitchens, stainless steel fabrication is prevalent for worktop surfaces, storage units, sinks, and other sanitary fixtures due to its durability and corrosion resistance.

Transportation: The transportation sector heavily relies on sheet metal fabrication for producing a wide array of components used in vehicles. Emergency vehicles, for instance, require fabricated metal parts such as glove-box enclosures, side steps, door-handle mounts, and steel surrounds for tail-lift doors. Additionally, sheet metal fabrication is employed in constructing safety rails, ladder hatch trap doors, and other safety equipment used in transportation infrastructure.

By leveraging the capabilities of sheet metal fabrication, industries can achieve precision, durability, and versatility in manufacturing a broad spectrum of products tailored to their specific needs and requirements.

Make A Choice For Your Metal Fabrication

Krrass es una reconocida empresa especializada en la fabricación y distribución de maquinaria para la fabricación de chapa metálica. Con presencia global y una reputación de excelencia, Krrass se ha consolidado como un proveedor líder de equipos de alta calidad para una amplia gama de industrias.

Founded in 1998, Krrass has grown steadily over the years, driven by a commitment to innovation, reliability, and customer satisfaction. The company’s extensive product line includes CNC press brakes, shearing machines, laser cutting machines, rolling machines, and more, catering to the varying needs of metalworking professionals worldwide.

Conclusión

Sheet metal fabrication is a versatile and widely used manufacturing process, offering a cost-effective solution for producing a wide range of products and components across industries such as automotive, aerospace, construction, electronics, and more. Its flexibility, efficiency, and ability to create complex shapes make it an essential part of modern manufacturing.